ISW Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 28, 2025

Latest from the Institute for the Study of War.

Key Takeaways from the ISW:

  • Russian President Vladimir Putin is reintensifying efforts to portray the current Ukrainian government as illegitimate and unable to engage in negotiations to end the war in Ukraine.
  • Putin reiterated his demand for the elimination of the “root causes” of the war in Ukraine as a precondition for a peace agreement -- a reference to Russia’s initial war demands that directly contradict US, European, and Ukrainian efforts to achieve a just and sustainable resolution to the war.
  • Putin is attempting to inject a new demand aligned with the Kremlin’s long-standing efforts to undermine the Ukrainian government’s legitimacy into discussions about the resolution of the war.
  • The Kremlin appears to be renewing efforts to reorganize Russia’s five naval infantry brigades into divisions.
  • Ukrainian forces recently advanced in Belgorod Oblast. Russian forces recently advanced in Kursk Oblast, near Toretsk and Kurakhove, and in western Zaporizhia Oblast.
  • Russia plans to expand its nuclear submarine fleet.

Authors: Angelica Evans, Olivia Gibson, Davit Gasparyan, Christina Harward, Grace Mappes, and George Barros with William Runkel.

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