Mortality in Russia is rising, and so is the country’s funeral industry–one of the few sectors showing steady growth four years after Moscow launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
Russia reported 916,000 deaths in the first half of 2025, according to data released by the country’s health ministry.
The figure is slightly below the same period in 2019, before the Covid pandemic. But adjusted for a shrinking population, the mortality rate is now higher.
A Russian demographer, speaking to independent outlet The Insider, said the death rate reached 13.1 per 1,000 residents in early 2025, up from 12.6 per 1,000 in 2019.
While overall mortality is up only 1% from 2024, the composition of deaths has shifted. Mortality among Russians aged 15 to 59 is rising faster than among older adults, and deaths among men are increasing more quickly than those among women.
War’s demographic toll
Much of the increase is attributed to Kremlin’s war losses in Ukraine. Deaths classified as resulting from “other causes” – a category widely understood to include military casualties – rose to 102,000 in the first half of 2025, up from 67,000 in the same period a year earlier.
According to Ukrainian military officials, Russian military casualties have exceeded 1 million since 2022.
Russian military casualties have exceeded 1 million since 2022, according to Kyiv.
“For the most part, this rise in mortality is the effect of the war,” the demographer said.
Funeral market expands
The growing death toll has translated into expansion in the funeral services market. Turnover in the sector rose 7.7% in 2024 to 108.3 billion rubles (€1.2 billion) and increased by a further 12.7% from January to April 2025 compared with the same period in 2024, industry representatives told The Insider.
The number of new funeral companies grew by 16% in the first half of 2024.
At the same time, economic pressures are reshaping funeral practices. As a result, cremation – once a niche practice outside Russia’s largest cities–is becoming more widespread as families look for ways to reduce expenses.
Cremation is becoming increasingly popular in Russia
The country has 38 crematoriums, with dozens more planned, industry representatives told The Insider.
“You can bury an urn in an existing grave and not put up a new monument–just add an inscription to the old one,” a funeral organizer identified as Yevgeny told the outlet, adding: “Often, the body is cremated in another city where it’s cheaper.”
One of the clearest symbols of this shift is the growing use of cardboard coffins for cremation, priced between 1,200 and 4,000 rubles (€13–€44).
Producers told The Insider they sell around 1,000 units per month, with demand at times exceeding supply.
Marketed as environmentally friendly, the coffins burn faster and leave “clean ash,” suppliers told the outlet.