You're reading: Bloomberg: Cyberwar – how nations attack without bullets or bombs

Russia, Iran, China and the U.S. are among the world’s leading practitioners of cyberwarfare — state-on-state hacking to gain strategic or military advantage by disrupting or destroying data or physical infrastructure. Unlike combat with bullets and bombs, cyberwarfare is waged almost entirely with stealth and subterfuge, so it’s hard to know when and where it’s occurring, or whether full-scale cyberwar is on the horizon.

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